Cheat SheetsLinuxAutomation

Automation — Cheat Sheet

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Cheat Sheet · AiCanCode.org
Automation
Linux1 topicsQuick revision reference
1

Cron, at & Automation

cron runs commands on a schedule; at runs a command once at a specified future time. These are the standard Linux tools for backup jobs, report generation, and routine maintenance.

  • Crontab fields: minute hour day month weekday — remember with "minute or hour, day or month, weekday".
  • Always use absolute paths in crontab — cron runs with a minimal PATH.
  • Redirect cron job output to a log file: command >> /var/log/job.log 2>&1.
  • @reboot runs a command once at system startup — useful for background services.
  • Systemd timers offer journald logging, dependency management, and catch-up on missed runs.
  • crontab.guru is the fastest way to verify a cron expression.
Crontab time field syntax
# Crontab format:
# ┌──────────── minute (0 - 59)
# │ ┌────────── hour (0 - 23)
# │ │ ┌──────── day of month (1 - 31)
# │ │ │ ┌────── month (1 - 12)
# │ │ │ │ ┌──── day of week (0=Sun, 6=Sat, 7=Sun)
# │ │ │ │ │
# * * * * *   command to execute

# Examples:
* * * * *    /opt/scripts/heartbeat.sh         # every minute
0 * * * *    /opt/scripts/hourly-report.sh      # every hour at :00
0 2 * * *    /opt/scripts/backup.sh             # daily at 2:00 AM
0 2 * * 0    /opt/scripts/weekly-cleanup.sh     # Sundays at 2:00 AM
0 0 1 * *    /opt/scripts/monthly-invoice.sh    # 1st of every month, midnight
*/5 * * * *  /opt/scripts/health-check.sh       # every 5 minutes
0 9-17 * * 1-5 /opt/scripts/business-hours.sh  # every hour, 9-5, Mon-Fri

# Shortcuts
@reboot      /opt/scripts/startup.sh            # on system boot
@daily       /opt/scripts/backup.sh             # same as: 0 0 * * *
@weekly      /opt/scripts/cleanup.sh            # same as: 0 0 * * 0
@monthly     /opt/scripts/report.sh             # same as: 0 0 1 * *

# crontab.guru — visual cron expression editor online
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